Resumen

The migration of light hydrocarbons in the subsoil can generate a wide range of alterations that are manifested on the surface, affecting the environmental components present –soil, outcrops, vegetation and water. These alterations are characterized by presenting reducing conditions that facilitate the development of a variety of chemical, physical and mineralogical changes, such as the formation and / or modification of iron and / or clay minerals, the formation of carbonates, growth anomalies. of the vegetation or the presence of thermal variations in the shallow subsoil, among others. These alterations and compositional changes can be detected by means of multispectral or hyperspectral satellite images and verified with hyperspectral equipment from helicopters and / or in the field. In this way, the analysis of the presence and abundance of these minerals and the spectral anomalies of the soil, together with the study of the geology and the structural and geomorphological behavior of the area under study, allow the identification of areas of hydrocarbon exploration interest. Surveys from remote sensors include various phases. The prospective areas are identified after an intense and exhaustive process that begins with a careful selection of optical, thermal and radar satellite images, which are then processed and interpreted. All the products generated are incorporated into a database in geographic information system format - G.I.S.